Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 39
Filter
1.
CoDAS ; 33(3): e20200080, 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286101

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a distribuição dos distúrbios fonoaudiológicos autorreferidos em relação ao sexo e à faixa etária em uma amostra representativa da população do sul do Brasil. Método Estudo transversal em adultos e idosos com base em um inquérito populacional domiciliar autodeclarado sobre Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana (DCH-POP). Foram realizadas entrevistas domiciliares padronizadas com a aplicação de um questionário com residentes da cidade de Porto Alegre entre 2012 e 2014. O desfecho estudado foi "distúrbios fonoaudiológicos", constituído a partir dos dados das variáveis: linguagem, motricidade orofacial, audição e equilíbrio. Foram realizadas análises de frequência absoluta e relativa. Razões de prevalência multivariáveis foram estimadas em análise ajustada pela Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. Resultados Dos 1246 indivíduos entrevistados, 918 participantes foram elegíveis para este estudo. A maioria é do sexo feminino (58,1%) e a idade média foi de 48,9 (±19,6) anos. O desfecho distúrbio fonoaudiológico foi encontrado em 364 (39,4%) indivíduos, sendo que a faixa etária mais acometida foi a de 60 anos ou mais (54,4%), apresentando maior prevalência no sexo masculino (58,9%), do que no feminino (51,9%). Na análise multivariável ajustada verifica-se que há razão de prevalência significativa apenas em indivíduos idosos com 60 anos ou mais (RP 1,84 IC95% 1,50-2,26). Conclusão Neste estudo não encontramos diferenças significativas entre os sexos na prevalência dos distúrbios fonoaudiológicos autorreferidos em adultos e idosos. Entretanto, pessoas mais velhas apresentam maior prevalência destes, especialmente aquelas com idade entre 60 anos ou mais.


ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the distribution of self-reported speech-language and hearing disorders and their association to sex and age in a representative sample of the population in southern Brazil. Methods Prevalence of speech-language and hearing disorders in elderly and younger adults according to sex and age: a population survey based on a household survey on Human Communication Disorders (DCH-POP Study). Standardized home interviews were conducted using a questionnaire with residents of the city of Porto Alegre between 2012 and 2014. The study outcome was self-reported "speech-language and hearing disorders", constituted from the variables: language, orofacial motricity, hearing, and balance. Analyses of absolute and relative frequencies were performed. Multivariable prevalence ratios were estimated in an adjusted analysis using Poisson Regression with robust variation and 95% confidence intervals. Results Of the 1246 individuals interviewed, 918 participants were eligible for this study. Most of them were female (58.1%), and the average age was 48.9 (± 19.6) years. The outcome of speech-language and hearing disorders was found in 364 (39.4%) individuals, and the most affected age group was 60 years old or more (54.4%), with a higher prevalence in men (58.9%) than in women (51.9%). The multivariate analysis showed a significant prevalence ratio only in elderly individuals aged 60 years or older (PR 1.84; 95% CI 1.50-2.26). Conclusion In this study, we did not find significant differences between sexes in the prevalence of self-reported speech-language and hearing disorders in elderly and younger adults. However, elderly and younger adults presented a higher prevalence of these disorders.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Speech , Communication Disorders , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Middle Aged
2.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 84(5): 553-559, Sept.-Oct. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-974366

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Misophonia is a recently described, poorly understood and neglected condition. It is characterized by strong negative reactions of hatred, anger or fear when subjects have to face some selective and low level repetitive sounds. The most common ones that trigger such aversive reactions are those elicited by the mouth (chewing gum or food, popping lips) or the nose (breathing, sniffing, and blowing) or by the fingers (typing, kneading paper, clicking pen, drumming on the table). Previous articles have cited that such individuals usually know at least one close relative with similar symptoms, suggesting a possible hereditary component. Objective: We found and described a family with 15 members having misophonia, detailing their common characteristics and the pattern of sounds that trigger such strong discomfort. Methods: All 15 members agreed to give us their epidemiological data, and 12 agreed to answer a specific questionnaire which investigated the symptoms, specific trigger sounds, main feelings evoked and attitudes adopted by each participant. Results: The 15 members belong to three generations of the family. Their age ranged from 9 to 73 years (mean 38.3 years; median 41 years) and 10 were females. Analysis of the 12 questionnaires showed that 10 subjects (83.3%) developed the first symptoms during childhood or adolescence. The mean annoyance score on the Visual Analog Scale from 0 to 10 was 7.3 (median 7.5). Individuals reported hatred/anger, irritability and anxiety in response to sounds, and faced the situation asking to stop the sound, leaving/avoiding the place and even fighting. The self-reported associated symptoms were anxiety (91.3%), tinnitus (50%), obsessive-compulsive disorder (41.6%), depression (33.3%), and hypersensitivity to sounds (25%). Conclusion: The high incidence of misophonia in this particular familial distribution suggests that it might be more common than expected and raises the possibility of having a hereditary etiology.


Resumo Introdução: A misofonia é uma condição recentemente descrita, mal compreendida e negligenciada. É caracterizada por fortes reações negativas de ódio, raiva ou medo quando os indivíduos precisam enfrentar alguns sons repetitivos seletivos e de baixa intensidade. Os mais comuns que desencadeiam tais reações aversivas são aqueles provocados pela boca (mascar goma ou mastigar comida, estalar os lábios) ou nariz (respirando, cheirando e soprando) ou pelos dedos (digitando, amassando papel, clicando a caneta, tamborilando na mesa). Artigos anteriores citam que esses indivíduos geralmente conhecem pelo menos um parente próximo com sintomas semelhantes, sugerindo um possível componente hereditário. Objetivo: Encontramos e descrevemos uma família com 15 membros com misofonia, detalhando suas características comuns e o padrão de sons que desencadeiam um desconforto tão forte. Método: Todos os 15 membros concordaram em nos fornecer seus dados epidemiológicos e 12 concordaram em responder a um questionário específico que investigou os sintomas, sons de gatilho específicos, principais sentimentos evocados e atitudes adotadas por cada participante. Resultados: Os 15 membros pertencem a três gerações da família. A idade variou de 9 a 73 anos (média de 38,3 anos, mediana de 41 anos) e 10 eram mulheres. A análise dos 12 questionários mostrou que 10 indivíduos (83,3%) desenvolveram os primeiros sintomas durante a infância ou a adolescência. A média do escore de irritação na Escala Visual Analógica de 0 a 10 foi de 7,3 (mediana 7,5). Os indivíduos relataram sentimentos de ódio/raiva, irritabilidade e ansiedade em resposta a sons, e enfrentaram a situação pedindo para interromper o som, deixando/evitando o lugar e até mesmo discutindo. Os sintomas associados auto-relatados foram ansiedade (91,3%), zumbido (50%), transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (41,6%), depressão (33,3%) e hipersensibilidade aos sons (25%). Conclusão: A alta incidência de misofonia nessa distribuição familiar em particular sugere que possa ser mais comum do que o esperado e suscita a possibilidade de haver uma etiologia hereditária.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Anxiety Disorders/genetics , Anxiety Disorders/psychology , Emotions , Hearing Disorders/genetics , Hearing Disorders/psychology , Anger , Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology , Quality of Life , Sound , Syndrome , Family , Surveys and Questionnaires , Depression/diagnosis , Depression/genetics , Depression/psychology , Depression/epidemiology , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/diagnosis , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/genetics , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/psychology , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/epidemiology
3.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(4): 242-247, ago. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-950038

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El retraso del desarrollo del lenguaje representa un desafío frecuente para pediatras y otros profesionales. El objetivo principal fue establecer su prevalencia en niñas y niños usuarios de un centro de salud. Población y métodos. Se evaluó el vocabulario expresivo de niñas y niños de 24 meses en un centro de salud utilizando el Inventario de Desarrollo de Habilidades Comunicativas MacArthur-Bates, versión breve (adaptación argentina). Se investigó la asociación entre el retraso del lenguaje y las características demográficas, socioeconómicas, conductuales/emocionales y de estrés parental. En aquellos con retraso expresivo, se evaluó el vocabulario receptivo y se investigaron posibles causas subyacentes (retraso cognitivo no verbal, trastornos del espectro autista, patología del oído medio e hipoacusia). Resultados. Se observó un retraso del desarrollo del lenguaje en 16 de 138 participantes (11,6%; intervalo de confianza -IC- 95%: 6,2-17%), asociado significativamente con antecedentes familiares de retraso del lenguaje, estrés parental y comportamiento problemático. El compromiso del vocabulario receptivo se identificó en 13 de 16 casos con retraso del desarrollo del lenguaje, y 7 presentaron sospecha de trastorno del espectro autista, de retraso global del desarrollo o ambas. Se observó la patología del oído medio en 5 de 9 estudiados. Los 9 participantes a los que se realizó una audiometría no presentaron resultados patológicos de acuerdo con los criterios adoptados en el presente trabajo. Conclusiones. El retraso del desarrollo del lenguaje representa un problema prevalente en nuestra población y se asoció principalmente con problemas de comportamiento y antecedentes familiares de retraso del lenguaje.


Introduction. Language development delay is a frequent challenge for pediatricians and other health care providers. The main objective of this study was to establish its prevalence among children attending a health care center. Population and methods. The expressive vocabulary of 24-month-old children attending a health care center was assessed using the Spanish-language MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories, short form (Argentine version). The association between language delay and demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral/emotional, and parental stress characteristics was analyzed. In children with expressive language delay, receptive vocabulary was assessed and possible underlying causes were studied (non-verbal cognitive delay, autistic spectrum disorders, middle ear pathology, and hearing impairment). Results. Language development delay was observed in 16 out of 138 participants (11.6%; 95% confidence interval: 6.2-17%), significantly associated with a family history of language delay, parental stress, and problem behavior. Receptive vocabulary compromise was identified in 13 out of 16 children with language development delay, and 7 were suspected of autistic spectrum disorder, overall developmental delay, or both. A middle ear pathology was observed in 5 out of 9 studied children. The 9 participants who had an audiometry did not have pathological results based on this study's criteria. Conclusions. Language development delay is a prevalent condition in our population and has been mainly associated with behavioral problems and a family history of language delay.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Developmental Disabilities/epidemiology , Language Development Disorders/epidemiology , Language Tests , Parents/psychology , Argentina , Socioeconomic Factors , Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis , Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Language Development , Language Development Disorders/diagnosis , Language Development Disorders/etiology
4.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 22(3): 330-333, July-Sept. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-975575

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Several studies show correlations between congenital toxoplasmosis and hearing loss, with a broad diversity of levels of hearing loss and specifications of hearing disorders. Objective To describe the studies found in the literature regarding hearing disorders in congenital toxoplasmosis. Data Synthesis A literature review was conducted on the Lilacs, SciELO, PubMed and Scopus databases by combining the following keywords: congenital toxoplasmosis and hearing. Based on this search strategy, 152 papers were found, the majority published on the Scopus and PubMed databases from1958 to 2015. After theapplication of the inclusion criteria, 8 articles published between 1980 and 2015 were included in the present study. Conclusion This review showed a moderate evidence of the association between hearing disorders and congenital toxoplasmosis, which is characterized by sensorineural hearing loss. However, there are gaps in the description of the specific characteristics of the type and level of hearing loss, or of other possible disorders involved in the auditory processing.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/complications , Hearing Disorders/etiology , Pregnancy Complications , Pregnancy , Incidence , Risk Factors , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Hearing Disorders/physiopathology , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Hearing Loss, Conductive/etiology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology , Hearing Tests/methods
5.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 34(4): 574-579, oct.-dic. 2014. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-730941

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El envejecimiento de la población es un fenómeno epidemiológico universal que conlleva un acentuado aumento de la expectativa de vida y al cual no somos ajenos. Las enfermedades concomitantes dependientes de la edad, entre ellas los problemas auditivos, son cada día más prevalentes e inciden notoriamente en la calidad de vida. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de los problemas de audición, así como de los factores asociados y su efecto en la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores en Bogotá. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron los datos del estudio SABE, Bogotá, en el curso del cual se entrevistó a 2.000 personas de 60 años o más en una muestra transversal probabilística por conglomerados (cobertura de 81,9 %). Se utilizó la variable "problemas en la audición" y se relacionó con los factores sociodemográficos, el uso de dispositivos auriculares, la percepción de la propia salud, las enfermedades concomitantes, la funcionalidad, la cognición y la calidad de vida, medida esta con la escala visual analógica del grupo EuroQOL ( EuroQoL-Visual Analogue Scale , EQ-VAS). Resultados. Se encontró una prevalencia de problemas de audición en 267 personas (13,5 %), de las cuales el 15 % utilizaba audífonos; dicha prevalencia fue mayor en aquellas de 75 o más años (46,1 %), en el nivel socioeconómico bajo (20,2 %) y entre analfabetas (19,3 %, p<0,05). Se encontró mayor prevalencia en las personas con depresión (20,2 %, p<0,001) y con hipertensión arterial (15 %, p<0,01). En aquellas con problemas de audición se encontró peor calidad de vida medida por la EQ-VAS (60,93±1,38 Vs . 71,75±0,45, p<0,0001). Cuando las personas usaban los audífonos, su calidad de vida mejoraba en comparación con la de quienes no los utilizaban (59,59±1,52, p<0,01). Conclusiones. Los problemas auditivos son relevantes en los adultos mayores e inciden notoriamente en su percepción de la calidad de vida, asociándose con otras situaciones clínicas, funcionales y cognoscitivas; sin embargo, el uso de audífonos revierte esta percepción.


Introduction: The aging of the population is a universal epidemiological phenomenon which is not unfamiliar to us and is accompanied by a marked increase of life expectancy. Age-dependent comorbidities, such as hearing disorders, are more prevalent and affect the quality of life in a noticeable manner. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of hearing disorders, of the associated factors and their impact on the quality of life of older adults in Bogota. Materials and methods: Data was taken from the Bogotá SABE Study, which included 2,000 individuals aged =60 years in a probabilistic cross-sectional study sampled by clusters (with 81.9% coverage). We used the "hearing disorders" variable relating it to socio-demographic variables, as well as to the use of hearing aids, the self-perceived health, the comorbidities, the functionality, the cognition and the quality of life as measured with the Visual Analog Scale of the EuroQol Group (EQ-VAS). Results: We found a prevalence of hearing disorders in 267 individuals (13.5%), of whom 15% used hearing aids. The frequency was higher in individuals aged =75 years (46.1%), in the low socioeconomic level (20.2%) and among illiterate people (19.3%, p<0.05). Regarding comorbidities, we found a higher prevalence in individuals suffering from depression (20.2%, p<0.001), and high blood pressure (15%, p<0.01). The quality of life was worse in individuals with hearing disorders, as measured with the EuroQol EQ-VAS (60.93 ± 1.38 vs. 71.75 ± 0.45, p< 0.0001), but it improved among those who used hearing aids as compared to those who did not use them (59.59 ± 1.52, p<0.01). Conclusions: Hearing disorders are relevant in elderly individuals and they affect their perceived quality of life in a noticeable manner. In addition, they are associated with other clinical, functional and cognitive problems. Nevertheless, the intervention with hearing aids reverses that perception.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Quality of Life , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia/epidemiology , Depression/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Hearing Aids/psychology , Hearing Aids , Hearing Disorders/psychology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Prevalence , Self Concept , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
Clinics ; 69(6): 413-419, 6/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-712697

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to characterize the epidemiological profile of the population attending primary health care units in the western region of the city of São Paulo, Brazil, highlighting referred speech-language and hearing complaints. METHOD: This investigation was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in primary health care units. Household surveys were conducted and information was obtained from approximately 2602 individuals, including (but not limited to) data related to education, family income, health issues, access to public services and access to health services. The speech-language and hearing complaints were identified from specific questions. RESULTS: Our results revealed that the populations participating in the survey were heterogeneous in terms of their demographic and economic characteristics. The prevalence of referred speech-language and hearing complaints in this population was 10%, and only half the users of the public health system in the studied region who had complaints were monitored or received specific treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate the importance of using population surveys to identify speech-language and hearing complaints at the level of primary health care. Moreover, these findings highlight the need to reorganize the speech-language pathology and audiology service in the western region of São Paulo, as well as the need to improve the Family Health Strategy in areas that do not have a complete coverage, in order to expand and improve the territorial diagnostics and the speech-language pathology and audiology actions related to the prevention, identification, and rehabilitation of human communication disorders. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Speech Disorders/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Population Surveillance
7.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 74(1): 36-42, abr. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-713536

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Diversas investigaciones tratan de explicar la asociación entre Diabetes Mellitus (DM) y alteraciones auditivas, relacionándola con el tiempo de evolución, control metabólico, entre otros, encontrando variados resultados. El parámetro menos investigado es el deterioro del reflejo acústico (ARD). Objetivo: Caracterizar el ARD en pacientes con DM tipo 1. Asimismo, relacionar el ARD con el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad, el grado de control metabólico y la edad. Material y método: Estudio transversal de tipo descriptivo correlacional Se evaluaron 92 oídos en 500 Hz y 99 oídos en 1.000 Hz, con edades entre 4y 68 años, de ambos géneros, con un tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad entre un mes y 44 años. Se realizó un análisis frecuencial del ARD y estadística no paramétrica mediante el coeficiente Rho de Spearman. Resultados: En ambas frecuencias la mayoría no presenta ARD, mientras que 2,2% en 500 Hz y 3,0% en 1.000 Hz presenta ARD patológico. No existiendo correlación entre el ARD con tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad, el grado de control metabólico y la edad de los sujetos. Conclusión: Existe un bajo porcentaje de ARD patológico y una ausencia de correlación con características propias de la enfermedad coincidiendo con otras investigaciones que han utilizado otras herramientas evaluativas.


Introduction: Various studies try to explain the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired hearing, relating it to the time of evolution, metabolic control, among others, finding mixed results. The parameter under investigation is the acoustic reflex decay (ARD). Aim: To characterize the ARD in patients with type 1 DM. Also relate the ARD with time of evolution of the disease, metabolic control and age. Material and method: Cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. 92 ears were evaluated in 50 0Hz and 99 ears in 1000 Hz, with ages between 4 and 68 years, of both genders, with a time of evolution of the disease from one month to 44 years. Frequency analysis of the ARD were performed and nonparametric statistics by Spearman's Rho coefficient. Results: In both frequencies most ears do not have ARD, while 2.2% in 500 Hz and 3.0% in 1000 Hz showed ARD pathological features. No correlation exists between the ARD with time of evolution of the disease, metabolic control and age of subjects. Conclusion: There is a low percentage of ARD pathological and lack of correlation with disease characteristics, coinciding with other studies that have used differents assessment tools.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Reflex, Acoustic , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Clinical Evolution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age and Sex Distribution
8.
Rev. saúde pública ; 47(2): 309-315, jun. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-685559

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of hearing loss for the population in the urban area. METHODS: A cross-sectional household survey based on the World Health Organization Ear and Hearing Disorders Survey Protocol was conducted in 298 households in the urban area of Monte Negro, Rondonia, Northern Brazil, from 2005 to 2007. Ear examinations, behavioral audiometry and pure tone audiometry were conducted on 577 individuals. RESULTS: The results showed that 3.8% (95%CI 2.17;5.45) of population were classified in the disabling hearing impairment category. The prevalence of moderate hearing impairment was 3.4%; severe impairment was 0.4%; and profound hearing impairment was not found. CONCLUSIONS: The impairing hearing loss prevalence found in this study is within of the international prevalence for this level of hearing loss and smaller than observed in a previous study in the South region of Brazil. .


OBJETIVO: Identificar a prevalência de perda auditiva da população urbana. MÉTODOS: Estudo domiciliar transversal em 298 domicílios da área urbana de Monte Negro, RO, de 2005 a 2007. O estudo foi baseado no Protocolo de Pesquisa em Audição e Distúrbios da Audição, da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Exames de orelha, audiometria comportamental e audiometria tonal foram realizados em 577 indivíduos estudados. RESULTADOS: Foram classificados na categoria de deficiência auditiva incapacitante 3,8% (IC95% 2,17;5,45) do total dos indivíduos estudados. A prevalência de deficiência auditiva moderada foi de 3,4%; deficiência auditiva severa foi de 0,4%. Não foi encontrada deficiência auditiva profunda. CONCLUSÕES: O grau de prevalência de perda auditiva incapacitante encontrada no estudo foi equivalente à prevalência internacional para este grau e menor quando comparada ao resultado obtido em estudo anterior na região Sul do Brasil. .


OBJETIVO: Identificar la prevalencia de pérdida auditiva de la población urbana. MÉTODOS: Estudio domiciliar transversal en 298 domicilios del área urbana de Monte Negro, RO, Brasil, de 2005 a 2007. El estudio se basó en el Protocolo de Investigación en Audición y Disturbios de la Audición, de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se realizaron exámenes de oreja, audiometría conductual y audiometría tonal en 577 de los individuos estudiados. RESULTADOS: Se clasificaron en la categoría de deficiencia auditiva incapacitante, 3,8% (95% IC 2,17;5,45) de los individuos estudiados. La prevalencia de deficiencia auditiva moderada fue de 3,4%; deficiencia auditiva severa fue de 0,4%. No se encontró deficiencia auditiva profunda. CONCLUSIONES: El estudio estableció la prevalencia de 3,8% de pérdida auditiva en la región de Monte Negro. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Auditory Threshold , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hearing Loss/epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Urban Population
9.
Salud pública Méx ; 53(1): 26-33, Jan.-Feb. 2011. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-574961

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de la dependencia funcional (DF) de los adultos mayores (AM) que viven en condiciones de pobreza en México, y estimar la asociación entre la DF y las caídas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una encuesta con tres etapas de selección, con estratificación según tipo de localidad (rural o urbana) y con representatividad nacional del padrón de Oportunidades 2006. La población objetivo estuvo conformada por individuos de 70 años y más, beneficiarios del Programa Oportunidades. RESULTADOS: El 30.9 por ciento de los AM presentaron DF. Los resultados del modelo de regresión logística estratificado por sexo mostraron que, en el grupo de mujeres, la razón de momios RM para la asociación entre el incremento en el número de caídas y DF fue de 1.25 (IC:1.13-1.39), y en el grupo de hombres fue de 1.12 (IC:0.97-1.29). CONCLUSIONES: Debido a las condiciones de vulnerabilidad en que viven estos adultos mayores, se muestra la necesidad de realizar intervenciones específicas para la prevención de caídas de manera que se disminuya el riesgo de dependencia funcional.


OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of functional dependency (FD) on Mexican elderly living in extreme poverty conditions and to estimate the association between falls and FD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A survey was conducted with three stages for selection, stratified by type of locality (rural or urban) and nationally representative of the 2006 Oportunidades Program. The target population was composed of individuals 70 years of age and older who were beneficiaries of the Oportunidades Program. RESULTS: A total of 30.9 percent of the elderly presented FD. The gender stratified logistic regression model resulted in an odds ratio (OR) for women of 1.25 (I.C:1.13-1.39) for the association between the increase in the number of falls and FD and OR=1.12 (I.C:0.97-1.29) for men. CONCLUSIONS: Given the vulnerable conditions in which these older adults live, specific interventions need to be implemented to prevent falls in order to reduce the risk of functional dependency.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data , Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data , Poverty/statistics & numerical data , Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data , Accidental Falls/economics , Comorbidity , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Government Programs/statistics & numerical data , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Mexico , Prevalence , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Urban Population/statistics & numerical data , Vision Disorders/epidemiology
10.
Ann. afr. méd. (En ligne) ; 4(11): 697-701, 2011.
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1259141

ABSTRACT

Les troubles de l'audition constituent un probleme de sante publique. Ces troubles affectent; non seulement le developpement psychosocial et affectif de l'enfant; mais aussi et surtout sa scolarite. Cependant; l'ampleur de cette affection en milieu scolaire des pays en developpement reste en grande partie inconnue. Le but de cette etude etait de determiner la prevalence et l'etiologie de ces troubles chez les enfants en milieu scolaire. Cette etude transversale a ete realisee grace a un echantillon aleatoire des eleves frequentant les ecoles de l'enseignement maternel; primaire et secondaire du reseau catholique de Kinshasa; en Republique Democratique du Congo. Tous les eleves des ecoles selectionnees ont ete examines. Au total; 2298 eleves ont ete examines a l'otoscopie et testes a l'audiometrie tonale liminaire dans une classe calme. Le seuil moyen ? 30 dB HL a 1; 2 et 4 kHz a ete definie comme perte auditive significative. Dans l'ensemble; 22 eleves (0;96; IC 95: 2;0 - 2;8) ont ete identifies comme ayant un seuil auditif de plus de 30 dB a une oreille au moins et dont 18 (82) suite a une otite moyenne chronique suppuree ; 87 eleves (3;8) avaient une perforation tympanique et 444 (19;3); avaient des bouchons de cerumen. La deficience auditive; evaluee a environ 1des eleves en bonne sante apparente en milieu scolaire de Kinshasa; a pour cause principale (82des cas); l'otite moyenne chronique suppuree (OMC). Une sensibilisation des parents et des enseignants; grace a des programmes d'education sanitaire et un depistage regulier; pourraient aider a cibler les mesures preventives; susceptibles d'ameliorer le potentiel de l'enfant ayant une deficience auditive; en termes d'interaction sociale et de reussite scolaire


Subject(s)
Health Education , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Hearing Disorders/etiology
11.
Indian J Public Health ; 2008 Oct-Dec; 52(4): 197-9
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-109369

ABSTRACT

A cross sectional study was conducted among 423 victims of road traffic accidents reporting to Indira Gandhi Medical College, Nagpur for treatment during 1999-2000. Data was collected on pre-designed proforma by interview technique. Majority of the victims were male (85.8%) and of 18-37 years (74%); 64.5% of the subjects were consuming alcohol regularly and 5.9% were drug abusers; 43.7% and 10.2% had visual and hearing impairment respectively; 43.5% were not having any driving experience and 74.4% of the victims with two wheelers were not using any helmets at the time of accidents. Findings highlight the need for sustained health education and enforcement of traffic laws.


Subject(s)
Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Bicycling/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Head Protective Devices/statistics & numerical data , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Humans , India/epidemiology , Male , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Young Adult
12.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; 74(2): 248-252, mar.-abr. 2008. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-484832

ABSTRACT

A timpanometria tem papel fundamental na identificação de alterações de orelha média, as quais são de grande ocorrência na população com fissura labiopalatina. OBJETIVO: Analisar de maneira retrospectiva os resultados dos exames otoscópicos e timpanométricos de lactentes com fissura labiopalatina não operados. Estudo retrospectivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram analisados 273 prontuários de lactentes, portadores de fissura labiopalatina, submetidos de março de 1996 a abril de 2002 a otoscopia pneumática e a timpanometria com a sonda 226Hz. RESULTADOS: Não foi encontrada significância estatística nos achados otoscópicos e timpanométricos considerando os gêneros e orelhas. Observou-se 84 por cento de alteração na otoscopia (opacificação/83,4 por cento, fluido visível na orelha média/1,5 por cento, imobilidade de membrana timpânica na insuflação/1,8 e retração/0,7) e 65 por cento nas curvas timpanométricas (B/38 por cento), A/36,5 por cento, As/21 por cento, C/4 por cento e Ad/0,5 por cento). CONCLUSÃO: Os lactentes portadores de fissura labiopalatina do gênero feminino e do masculino não diferiram nas curvas timpanométricas e nos achados otoscópicos. Todos os tipos de curvas timpanométricas estiveram presentes, sendo as do tipo B e A de maior ocorrência. A opacificação de membrana timpânica foi o achado otoscópico mais freqüente. A otoscopia pneumática identificou maior número de alteração que a timpanometria convencional.


Tympanometry plays a fundamental role in the identification of middle ear alterations, which are frequent in the population with cleft lip and palate. AIM: do a retrospective analysis of the otoscopy and tympanometric exams of infants with cleft lip and palate who were not operated. Retrospective study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: we analyzed 273 charts from infants with cleft lip and palate whom, from March 1996 to April of 2002 underwent pneumatic otoscopy and tympanometry with a 226 Hz probe. RESULTS: We did not find statistical significance in the otoscopic and tympanometric findings considering ears and genders. We observed 84 percent of alterations in otoscopy (opacification/83.4 percent, visible fluid in the middle ear /1.5 percent, the ear drum does not move during inflation /1.8 and retraction/0.7) and 65 percent in tympanometric curves (B/38 percent), A/36.5 percent, As/21 percent, C/4 percent and Ad/0.5 percent). CONCLUSION: female and male infants with cleft lip and palate did not differ as far as otoscopic and tympanometry findings are concerned. All types of tympanometric curves were present, and types A and B were the most frequent ones. Ear drum opacification was the most frequent otoscopic finding. Pneumatic otoscopy identified a larger number of alterations when compared to conventional tympanometry.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Cleft Lip/complications , Cleft Palate/complications , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Acoustic Impedance Tests , Audiometry , Chi-Square Distribution , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Otoscopy , Retrospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Tympanic Membrane/physiopathology
13.
Cienc. Trab ; 8(20): 65-73, abr.-jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-444109

ABSTRACT

La introducción de equipamiento técnico para mejorar la sobrevida en neonatos gravemente enfermos hospitalizados en unidades de cuidado intensivo ha dado como resultado un ambiente con gran contaminación acústica. Los efectos en la audición del prematuro pueden ser de lenta aparición y muchas veces pasar inadvertidos. Se debe recordar que los neonatos menores de 1.500 g permanecerán en estas unidades por largo tiempo debido a sus condiciones de peso y edad gestacional, lo que los hace susceptibles a sufrir mayor daño. También es importante conocer que la adquisición del lenguaje en un niño se realiza antes de los seis meses, si existe indemnidad auditiva, para lo cual es fundamental realizar un diagnóstico y una intervención precoz en aquellos neonatos con problemas de hipoacusia. Existen recomendaciones precisas a nivel del ministerio de salud, como es el screening a través de potenciales evocados y/o emisiones otoacústicas a todos los neonatos de riesgo. Enfermería tiene una gran oportunidad de reflexionar respecto al cuidado integral del neonato, elaborar intervenciones que permitan un desarrollo y organización cerebral adecuados para el recién nacido, siendo el ruido uno de los componentes del ambiente que se debe controlar para evitar el daño potencial en la audición.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Equipment and Supplies , Infant, Premature , Intensive Care, Neonatal , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Hearing Disorders/physiopathology , Audiometry, Evoked Response , Hearing/physiology , Chile , Evaluation Study , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural
14.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 82(2): 110-114, Mar.-Apr. 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-428489

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Investigate the prevalence of hearing impairment in newborns hospitalized at the Intensive and Intermediate Care Unit at the Women's Comprehensive Health Center Neonatology Service (UNICAMP) and associated risk factors.METHODS: 979 newborn babies were assessed between January 2000 and January 2003, through automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) (ALGO 2e color screener). The result was considered normal when the newborn showed response to a 35dBNA signal bilaterally. The prevalence of AABR impairment and the odds ratio were analyzed with a 95% confidence interval using bivariate analysis. To identify the independent risk factors for hearing alterations, multivariate analyses were used with logistic regression.RESULTS: The prevalence of AABR impairment was 10.2%, of which 5.3% was unilateral and 4.9% bilateral. From the multivariate analyses, the following observations were made: family history of congenital hearing loss (OR = 5.192; p = 0.016), craniofacial deformity (OR = 5.530; p < 0.001), genetic syndromes associated with hearing loss (OR = 4.212; p < 0.001), weight below 1,000 g (OR = 3.230; p < 0.001), asphyxia (OR = 3.532; p < 0.001), hyperbilirubinemia (OR = 4.099; p = 0.002) and use of mechanical ventilation (OR = 1.826; p < 0.031) were the indicators that best characterized the group at risk for hearing impairment.CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of hearing impairment using AABR is high. Therefore, it is essential for all newborns who present isolated or associated risk factors to undergo hearing screening in situations in which it is not possible to have universal hearing screening.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Neonatal Screening , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Hearing/physiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Hearing Tests , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology , Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis
15.
Noise Health ; 2006 Jan-Mar; 8(30): 45-57
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-121954

ABSTRACT

Audiological testing, interviews and exposure measurements were used to collect data on the health effects of styrene exposures in 313 workers from fiberglass and metal-product manufacturing plants and a mail terminal. The audiological test battery included pure-tone audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), psychoacoustic modulation transfer function, interrupted speech, speech recognition in noise and cortical response audiometry (CRA). Workers exposed to noise and styrene had significantly poorer pure-tone thresholds in the high-frequency range (3 to 8 kHz) than the controls, noise-exposed workers and those listed in a Swedish age-specific database. Even though abnormalities were noted on DPOAE and CRA testing, the interrupted speech and speech recognition in noise tests were the more sensitive tests for styrene effects. Further research is needed on the underlying mechanisms to understand the effects of styrene and on audiological test batteries to detect changes in populations exposed to solvents.


Subject(s)
Adult , Audiometry , Case-Control Studies , Databases as Topic , Female , United Kingdom/epidemiology , Health Surveys , Hearing , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Humans , Interviews as Topic , Male , Middle Aged , Noise, Occupational/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous , Surveys and Questionnaires , Styrene/toxicity , Sweden/epidemiology
16.
Recife; s.n; 2005. 69,[10] p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-527801

ABSTRACT

A hanseníase, doença milenar, infecciosa e endêmica, vem, desde a última década, atingindo um número maior de pessoas e destacando-se no campo da saúde pública. Apesar de já se ter sua cura, muitas questões ainda são desafios, como as conseqüências ocasionadas na vida das pessoas que adoecem. Estudos evidenciaram, desde 1960, a relação entre hanseníase e audição, que pode ser explicada por três teorias fisiopatológicas: envolvimento coclear, comprometimento do VIII par craniano ou difusão de processos rinofaríngeos para o ouvido médio. O objetivo desse trabalho foi descrever o perfil auditivo, destacando também algumas características epidemiológicas de pessoas com hanseníase em Recife, no ano de 2003. Através do banco de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), identificou-se a população alvo e, por uma amostragem sistemática, determinou-se a amostra, no total de 119 pacientes. Foram investigados 71 portadores de hanseníase, compreendidos entre 12 e 59 anos, os quais passaram por entrevista inicial, meatoscopia e audiometria tonal. Os resultados mais relevantes encontrados foram: sexo feminino (52 por cento), média de anos (33,5 anos), forma clínica tuberculóide (33,8 por cento), avaliação do grau de incapacidade do diagnóstico 0 (zero) (62 por cento), classificação operacional multibacilar (50,7 por cento), esquema terapêutico inicial PQT/PB/06 doses (40,8 por cento). Houve 54 por cento de casos que apresentaram alteração de audição e o mais freqüente achado da avaliação foi a perda auditiva sensorioneural (50,7 por cento), com predominância bilateral (81,6 por cento). Comprovou-se associação estatisticamente significante entre alteração auditiva e faixa etária, classificação operacional, queixas auditivas, doenças gerais associadas, bem como entre faixa etária e tipo de perda auditiva sensorioneural. Em virtude do elevado percentual de perda auditiva encontrado, resta aos profissionais de saúde envolvidos no programa de controle atentarem para a necessidade de encaminhamentos para avaliações audiológicas. Recomenda-se que outros estudos sejam realizados, considerando as particularidades da amostra, para investigar a associação existente entre perda auditiva e hanseníase.


Subject(s)
Leprosy/complications , Leprosy/epidemiology , Leprosy/physiopathology , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Hearing Disorders/physiopathology , Hearing Tests
17.
J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent ; 2001 Jun; 19(2): 67-73
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-114632

ABSTRACT

This epidemiological investigation was carried out among 524 handicapped children in the age group of 3-30 years, attending 8 different non-residential special schools in South Canara district, Karnataka. The examination procedure and criteria were those recommended by W.H.O. in 1997. The total caries prevalence was found to be 71.56%. The mean deft in the primary dentition was found to be 3.06 +/- 3.14. The mean deft and DMFT in the mixed dentition were 3.32 +/- 2.82 and 1.14 +/- 1.08 respectively. The mean DMFT in the permanent dentition was 4.51 +/- 3.17. The prevalence of dental caries was higher in the mentally subnormal and handicapped children. The decayed component constituted the majority of the dental caries index. Lack of conservative approach to the treatment had been confirmed in the study.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , DMF Index , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Dental Restoration, Permanent/statistics & numerical data , Dentition, Mixed , Disabled Children/statistics & numerical data , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Humans , India/epidemiology , Intellectual Disability/epidemiology , Prevalence , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tooth Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Tooth, Deciduous/pathology , Vision Disorders/epidemiology
18.
Rosario; s.n; 2001. 221 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-289796

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo de investigación, de tipo descriptivo, tuvo como objetivos detectar si los docentes utilizaban estrategias para apoyar el aprendizaje escolar de niños con difuciultades fonoaudiologicas, determinar si los docentes de 1§ año de EGB lograban identificar alteraciones de incumbencia fonoaudiologica en sus alumnos y si se involucren para ayudar a superarlas o si por el contrario se desvinculan, caracterizar las formas de intervención docente, asi como también captar si hay demanda del profesional fonoaudiologico dentro de la poblacion docente. Para recabar los datos necesarios se utilizó como instrumento principal una encuesta donde se indagó sobre la identificacion por parte del docente de alteraciones fonoaudiológicas en los niños, la medida en que dichas alteraciones fonoaudiológics alteran el proceso de aprendizaje, la actitud del docente ante la presencia de niños con alteraciones fonoaudiologicas, las herramientas metodológicas que tiene para trabajar con estos niños, las estrategias metodológicas que utiliza con los mismos y por las actividades escolares complementarias que utilizan. La población estuvo conformada por 16 docentes de 1§ año de EGB de las escuelas públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Arroyo Seco y la investigación se realizó durante los meses de Octubre y Noviembre correspondientes al año lectivo 2000. Tras haber analizado los resultados se concluyó que: . Todos los docentes encuestados identifica alteraciones fonoaudiologicas en sus alumnos. Las alteraciones mas frecuentemente identificadas fueron los problemas de pronunciacion y/o diccion, las alteraciones de comprension y/o elocucion del lenguaje y las dificultades en el aprendizaje...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Learning , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Voice Disorders/diagnosis , Voice Disorders/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive
19.
Rosario; s.n; 2001. 96 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-307019

ABSTRACT

El propósito general de esta investigación fue evaluar el aprendizaje sistemático de los contenidos curriculares de las matemáticas: número, cálculo y comprensión de problemas, en dos estratos poblacionales diferentes. Uno de estos grupos estuvo constituído por 42 niños normoyentes, alumnos de la Escuela Provincial Nro. 68 L. N. Alem de la ciudad de Rosario. El otro, quedó conformado por 22 niños sordos, alumnos del Instituto Oral Modelo de la Capital Federal. De este modo se intentó conocer si existen o no diferencias entre ambos grupos estudiados y, en caso de hallarlas, exponer las mismas. Para llevar adelante, la recolección de datos necesarios, la investigadora confeccionó tres protocolos de evaluación con la supervisión de la Prof. María José Borsani, consultora del presente trabajo. Para su elaboración se tuvieron en cuenta los contenidos curriculares comunes a ambas instituciones visitadas. Los resultados obtenidos confirmaron parcialmente la hipótesis planteada al inicio de la presente investigación. En cuanto a las proporciones de aprendizaje logrado, no existieron diferencias significativas entre el grupo de niños normoyentes y el grupo de niños sordos, de acuerdo con el test estadistico realizado. 39 de los 42 niños normoyentes (92,8 por ciento) y 18 de 22 niños sordos 81,8 por ciento) logró el aprendizaje requerido. Por otro lado, con respecto a los valores alcanzados por la variable "Aprendizaje sistemático de los contenidos curriculares de matemáticas", la misma arribó al puntaje final promedio de 79,7 puntos en el grupo de niños normoyentes y de 69,6 puntos en el grupo de niños sordos. De acuerdo con el test estadístico efectuado, estas cifras si difieren significativamente. La presentación del marco teórico se realiza en dos partes. En la primera, se aborda el aprendizaje como proceso cognoscitivo, desde el enfoque psicogenético, para conceptuar, luego, el aprendizaje sistemático o formal. Por último, se analiza el aprendizaje del número, el cálculo y la comprensión de problemas. En la segunda parte se hace referencia al niño sordo, analizando los diferentes factores que intervienen en su desarrollo. Luego se plantean las características más salientes de su evolución intelectual y linguística, aportando elementos de similitud y diferencias respecto del niño oyente, y analizando los posibles efectos que el déficit auditivo ocasiona en el aprendizaje sistemático de los contenidos curriculares de las matemáticas


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Hearing , Learning , Mathematics , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Deafness
20.
Ribeirão Preto; s.n; 2001. 142 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-441572

ABSTRACT

O diagnóstico e a intervenção precoces nas alterações auditivas são de fundamental importância no desenvolvimento infantil. O registro das imissões otoacústicas têm sido largamente indicado, por ser um exame rápido, de fácil aplicação. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram avaliar a função auditiva periférica de recém-nascidos a termo e pré-termo adequados e pequenos para a idade gestacional, por meio da pesquisa das emissões otoacústicas transitórias, identificando a prevalência de alterações auditivas nesta população...


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Diagnostic Techniques, Otological , Infant, Newborn , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Hearing Tests , Hearing , Surveys and Questionnaires , Hearing Disorders/epidemiology , Hearing Disorders/prevention & control
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL